Sandfly is a common name for flying insects with bloodsucking and biting feeding habits and found in sandy areas. The accessibility and comparative simplicity of the insect visual system make it an attractive model for studying visual adaptations, including adaptations to vision in dim light. The well-developed muscles control the action of the flight muscles. With the exception of deep in volcanoes, insects can be found everywhere. They are an important group of dipterans as disease vectors and pests. Insect adaptations include mouthparts, the ability to fly, leg types, and body shapes. Insects are adapted for life in every environment imaginable. There are two insect orders within this class of flight, Ephemeroptera (Mayflies) and Odonata (Dragonflies and Damselflies). In blood sucking they first inject a salivary secretion to activate skin reactions. Insects are a numerous and diverse class of arthropods that have evolved to occupy ecological niches from the brightest to the darkest. The tail bears long feathers that spread like a fan and function as a rudder during flight. Feathers provide insulation, waterproofing, and a lightweight means to become airborne. Birds have honeycombed or hollow bones, reducing body weight. This chapter focuses on the various adaptations that make possible the high metabolic rates necessary for flight. They also help in balancing, lifting, and steering while flying and perching. Antennae are used to sense the environment. antennae): the thin feelers on the head of an animal like a crayfish, isopod, or insect. Insect adaptations include mouthparts, the ability to fly, leg types, and body shapes. With the exception of deep in volcanoes, insects can be found everywhere. On previous articles, we talked about flying adaptations in insects and how flying made them more diverse. All following orders of insect’s flight mechanisms are termed “Indirect Flight.” The difference between the two flight mechanisms is the insertion and origin of the flight muscles which are described below. In this new article, we explain you the origin and evolutionary changes of insects’ mouthparts and therefore of feeding diversification throughout their evolutionary history. Anatomical Adaptations Flight Muscles. Flight, in animals, locomotion of either of two basic types—powered, or true, flight and gliding. Adaptations for Flight. Insects have amazing adaptations that make each type unique and diverse. The flight of insects has fascinated physicists and biologists for more than a century. abdomen: the last of an insect’s three main body parts. In fact, some insects, like the dragonfly, can even mate while in mid-flight! One of the requirements of heavier-than-air flying machines, birds included, is a structure that combines strength and light weight. adaptation: any structure or behavior of an organism that improves its chances for survival; antenna (pl. Mouthparts of female sand flies are adapted for blood feeding. Imagine if all insects looked exactly the same, ate exactly the same food, and lived in exactly the same habitats. Over millions of years, insects have got adapted to countless ecological changes. Actively flying insects achieve the highest metabolic rates known, and they do so in the fraction of a second required to shift from quiescence to flight. Birds evolved not only wings, but many other adaptations that make it possible to fly. It weighs about 1/6th of the entire bird. Winged (true) flight is found only in insects (most orders), most birds, and bats. Insects are adapted for life in every environment imaginable. 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