Despite her small displacement, she is equipped with powerful long-range main guns and has good speed. She saw no action after completing her repairs due to Stalin's order. Over the course of World War II most, if not all, of the 45 mm guns were replaced by 37 mm guns and one or two Lend-Lease quadruple Vickers .50 machine gun MK III mounts were fitted to the ships in the Baltic and Black Seas, although each ship varied in its anti-aircraft suite. The machinery for the rest was built in Kharkiv to Italian plans. These two ships served during the war and survived. This had a more advanced Gorizont-2 computer and Shar vertical gyroscope. The next class, the Chapayev, was started in 1938-39. During wartime, their 45 mm guns were removed and replaced by 37 mm guns. Also Lend-Lease quadruple Vickers .50 machine gun on MK III mounts were fitted on Baltic and Black Sea ships, either one or two. One of the first large warships designed and built in the U.S.S.R. (Project 26). Endurance was 2,140 nm (Kirov) to 4,220 nautical miles and 4,860 mi at 18 knots. The entire cradle elevated to 48° and depressed to -5°. It has been speculated that "This seam in the protection, representing a small target area, may simply have served to save weight and simplify construction. Both flanks were closed by a waterline belt. The first four ships bombarded Axis troops and facilities after the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. [20], Voroshilov began her postwar modernization in April 1954, but encountered the same issues as Maxim Gorky. [3], The Project 26 class ships were 191.3 m (627 ft 7 in) long overall. Molotov was in the same position by 1942. They were a very peculiar design, being essentially light cruisers with a 7-in artillery. They entrusted the Italians, who at the time enjoyed a certain technical and design prestige compounded by many export successes. Orlan-class cruisers of project 1144 are a symbol of the Soviet Navy and a good example of protracted design and specification of technical projects. Twenty large BB-1 and thirty small BM-1 depth charges were carried although no sonar was fitted for the Project 26 and Project 26bis ships. She spent most of the next month under repair, although her bow could not be straightened which reduced her speed by several knots. For protection, they were compartments of alternating boiler rooms and engine rooms. This odd concept derived from the experimental artillery made for the previous Krazny Kavkaz, in single turrets, made to answer early 1930s IJN cruisers in the Pacific. The machinery for Kirov was directly shipped from Italy (Initially planned for the Eugenio di Savoia). Soviet-designed Yupiter-1 and Mars-1 gunnery radars were fitted in Molotov and Kalinin by 1944. Three series of ships pairs were built with gradual improvements, a bit like the Italian Condotierri class. She fired only 35 rounds before she was damaged by a number of near misses and had to return to the Soviet naval base at Liepāja for repairs. Her trials were a disappointment as her Italian-built turbines initially had minor defects, and she was 1 knot (1.9 km/h; 1.2 mph) slower than guaranteed. A Kirov Class (Peter the Great) cruiser at St Petersburg. These were the first large ships built by the Soviets from the keel up after the Russian Civil War, and they were derived from the Italian cruiser Raimondo Montecuccoli, being designed with assistance from the Italian Ansaldocompany. The Story of the Kirov Class: The Kirov class were the first and only Soviet modern “heavy†cruisers built before and serving during the war. The Kirov class is the largest missile cruiser ever developed. They were withdrawn from service in the 1960s. [26], Molotov suffered a fire in the #2 turret handling room on 5 October 1946 which required the magazine to be flooded; 22 sailors were killed and 20 wounded. The Italians initial proposal was woefully under-protected. Kalinin and Kaganovich were launched at Komsomolsk on the Amur, but were towed to Vladivostok for completion because of their draft. [18] Kirov provided gunfire support during the defense of Tallinn and served as the flagship of the evacuation fleet from Tallinn to Leningrad at the end of August 1941. The Project 26bis ships carried nine 21-K mounts and the Project 26bis were built with an additional ten fully automatic 37-millimetre (1.5 in) 70-K AA guns with a thousand rounds per gun. Pyotr Velikiy carries some S-300FM missiles and is the only ship in the Russian Navy capable of ballistic missile defence. [2], The Kirovs were built in pairs, each pair incorporating some improvements over the earlier pair. Damaged by a number of shell hits while off-loading troops on 29 December, she was still able to take 600 wounded when she departed. A development of Rheinmetall German 3.7 cm (1.5 in) sold before Hitler arrive to power in 1933, they were an adapted sub-version of the antitank 53-K. [22], Molotov was commissioned just before the German invasion and spent most of 1941 moving from port to port to take advantage of her air warning radar, the first fitted in the Soviet Navy. The guns fired 97.55-kilogram (215.1 lb) projectiles at a muzzle velocity of 900–920 m/s (3,000–3,000 ft/s); this provided a maximum range of around 38,000 m (42,000 yd), depending on ammunition and gun type. Molotov was defending the Black Sea. But she was repaired and again operational, supporting the great Leningrad counter-offensive of 1944. [4], The Project 26bis2 pair were still larger and displaced 8,400 tonnes (8,267 long tons) at standard load, and 10,400 tonnes (10,236 long tons) at full load. 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