Is there any reason why we should be afraid of saying that the universal love of Jesus Christ, which gathers into His bosom all mankind, does fall with special tenderness and sweetness upon those who have made Him theirs and have surrendered themselves to be His? BibliographyCalvin, John. Commentary on John 13:1-17. Great crises, whether of joy or sorrow, reveal character and disposition.—To-morrow Christ was to die. Who would be the first to rise up again? See ch. Judas therefore is included in the feet-washing. John 13:18-30 He foretells the treachery of Judas, and points. 19, meet expressions having a bearing on the great controversy, not yet conclusively laid at rest, as to the day on which the Last Supper was eaten by Jesus and His disciples, as well as to that on which the crucifixion of Jesus took place. For though they appear to an English Reader as one and the same, yet they are not so in the original. Knowing, i.e. If He had had the independent design to wash the feet of His disciples. "Commentary on John 13:1". world, he loved them unto the end. Manli. Who then can measure our preciousness to Christ? Hence: “in order to pass to the Father, after He should have (not had) loved,” etc. John 12:37-41.—(330) ἠγάπησεν) He loved, whilst He conferred on them perfect purity and humility of soul, and so thereby the qualifications needed for discharging the duties of their embassy in the world after the departure of Jesus: John 13:10, “He that is washed—is clean every whit;” 14, “If I, your Lord and Master, have washed your feet, ye also ought to wash one another’s feet;” 20, “He that receiveth whomsoever I send, receiveth Me.”. In Hebrews 3:6, Hebrews 3:14, μέχρι τὲλους , unto the end. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/vnt/john-13.html. after the beginning of the feast on the evening of the 14th Nisan, but just before the feast (i.e. God loves the world by making provision for the sins of all that will believe in Jesus. "Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament". Renewal 1960. Christ’s love was perfectly pure, without admixture: perfectly self-sacrificing; ‘Greater love hath no man than this,’ etc. One more test of Christ's enduring love is put into our hands by this evangelist. Classical antiquity affirms the same thing. It was two days before this feast, so the Persic version reads this text, at Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper, that the things recorded in this chapter were transacted; see ( Matthew 26:2 Matthew 26:6 ) ; when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world to the Father. Many good commentators prefer to read the last words of my text, ‘He loved them unto the uttermost’ rather than ‘unto the end’-so taking them to express the depth and degree rather than the permanence and perpetuity of our Lord’s love. Copyright StatementThese files are public domain. I. And though he will afterwards explain more clearly for what purpose Christ washed the feet of his disciples, yet, before doing so, he states, in a single word, that the Lord testified, by this visible sign, that the love with which he embraced them was firm and lasting; that, though they were deprived of his presence, they might still be convinced that death itself would not quench this love. Joshua 5:11); but the 14th was פֶּסַח לַיהֹוָה, Numbers 28:16, et at., ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ πάσχα. This first verse must be regarded as forming the preamble, not of this chapter only, but of this whole part of the Gospel, chaps. But our view is enlarged if we compare the nearest predecessor of John among the Evangelists, Luke, with whom he everywhere has more contact than with any other. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/dcc/john-13.html. Now they must recognise Him as their Lord. He undertakes to explain those circumstances which they had left out, one of which was the narrative of the washing of feet. Now, since he is the first-born from the dead, this definition of death applies to the whole body of the Church, that it is an opening or passage to go to God, from whom believers are now absent. This thought presided over these last manifestations of His love.Hengstenberg and others connect this participle with the principal verb through the idea of a contrast: "Although He knew indeed..., nevertheless He loved and humbled Himself thus," as if the prospect of His future exaltation could have been for Jesus a hindrance in the way of acting as He does! In our passage, this meaning seems to me the only possible one. Salem Media Group. For a while the Word had been made flesh and had dwelt among us (John 1:14) for the fulfilling of His purposes, but now He was going back to His Father. As an analogy to the sense of ἠγάπησε, he loved, including the feeling and its manifestations, Odyss. Copyright StatementJames Burton Coffman Commentaries reproduced by permission of Abilene Christian University Press, Abilene, Texas, USA. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/mpc/john-13.html. 1863-1878. Having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. 10; Soph. McGarvey says this is Thursday, April 6, 30 A.D. [by the corrected calendar]. BibliographyBullinger, Ethelbert William. Such is the view of John; see on John 18:28. εἰδὼς, κ. τ. 817 Schweighäuser, Lex. The kosmos cannot receive the Spirit of truth, for it doesnt see him, neither knows him (14:17). p. 616; Grimm on 2 Maccabees 8:29); but this yields here an inappropriate gradation, as though Jesus had now exercised His love to the utmost (in answer to Godet). John 10:22-30 Rejected by the Religious Leaders. He gives expression to that which inwardly drew and impelled Him to display towards His own a further and a last token of love; He knew, indeed, that for Him the hour was come, to pass onward, etc. 1675. Copyright StatementThese files are public domain.Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. The matter lies simply thus: If the supper were that of the 14th Nisan, then John could not say πρὸ τῆς ἐορτῆς, but only either πρὸ τοῦ δείπνου τοῦ πάσχα (which sense is imported by Hengstenberg); or, on the other hand, like the Synoptics, τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν ἀζύμων (Matthew 26:17), or τ. πρώτῃ τῆς ἑορτῆς. 489. Why does he employ this circumlocution in describing the Apostles, but in order to inform us that, in consequence of their being engaged, as we are, in a hazardous and difficult warfare, Christ regarded them with so much the greater solicitude? They had seen Him as their Teacher. Ver. The translation of the Vulgate, coenâ peractâ, and Luther's "after the supper," would not be justified even by the reading γενομένου. John 12:1; on the following day, ver. It is obvious to infer that He exhorted them to perform in future, after His example, the service that they had just neglected. To the end he loved them] Such fast friends are hard to find. He thinks of the intensity of our Lord’s love, and speaks of it in the simple expressiveness of the old Hebrew phrase, “Loving, he loved them with fulness of love.” (Comp. 10 , shows that the washing of the feet was a necessity at the feast. τ. π.: at last ( εἰς τέλος is emphatic) He loved them, i.e. Copyright StatementThese files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website.Original work done by Ernie Stefanik. π.] And what deep thoughts on the subject were passing in the mind of our Lord Himself in connection with these arrangements, we are here very sublimely told by our Evangelist (John 12:1-2). https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/wen/john-13.html. 107 Thus the meal, for John, was not the Passover meal proper. Jesus" realization that His hour had come ( John 12:23) led Him to prepare His disciples for that hour and what it would mean for them. It would take us much too far away, however interesting the contemplation might be, to dwell with any particularity upon our Lord’s consciousness as it is here set forth in that ‘He knew that His hour was come, that He should depart out of the world unto the Father.’. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/fam/john-13.html. gives us some sort of analysis of the influences which then determined the flow and the shape of our Lord’s love. 2012. The devil, being a spirit, has a quick access to our spirits, and can instill his suggestions into them. LXX. B. Bruce, The Training of the Twelve, p. 342. So of Tiberius and Mahomet, the first emperor of the Turks, it is said, that in their love there was no assurance; but their least displeasure was death. Ewald remarks, on that theory: "A strange thought was seen suddenly to take possession of Christ's soul;" and Lcke observes: "Here all was unusual; the Master of the house performs the act Himself, and by performing it interrupts the supper." 27 , show that that service was no other than the washing of the feet: "For whether is greater, he that sitteth at meat, or he that serveth? ; Acts 4:23; Acts 24:23; 1 Timothy 5:8; John 1:11. Inexcusable ignorance is not a lovable quality; yet when His mind could least bear the strain of reiterating what it had been His lifelong mission to teach, Jesus had to inform them who He was, and the meaning of what He did. First, the leading person in it, ‘Jesus, knowing that His hour was come,’ etc. (John 13:1). To love unconditionally to the end of one's life. That the First Three Evangelists expressly state this, admits of no reasonable doubt; and it is only because of certain expressions in the Fourth Gospel that some able critics think themselves bound to depart from that opinion. On ΄εταβῇ, comp. See also the notes at Luke 22:14-16. Now he does what almost anyone can do, but what few want to. Was it then necessary to affirm that Jesus did not cease to love his own up to the moment when He died for them? Bibliography"Commentary on John 13:1". Nothing can separate a true believer from the love of Christ. On the 14th Nisan, in the evening, the festival commenced with the paschal meal, after Jesus had been crucified on the afternoon of the same day. "Commentary on John 13:1". The master of the house was always bound to his family at the paschal season. . Now before the feast of the pass over; that is, at the commencement of it. Nowhere else do the blended lights of our Lordâs superhuman dignity and human tenderness shine with such lambent brightness. References: John 13:1.—A. "Robertson's Word Pictures of the New Testament". We infer from this that the greater among the Apostles, those who were by the Lord distinguished above the rest, and were the appointed "pillars," with Peter at their head, had expected from the lesser Apostles a service which these had not rendered. Copyright StatementThe Robertson's Word Pictures of the New Testament. "To the end" seems to show that the Evangelist so regarded them. 1914. Ver. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/bul/john-13.html. ἑορτή always corresponds in the New Testament to the Hebrew חג, and is never used save of joyful festivities, in which the people rejoiced before the Lord. If, then, we include the day of the 14th in the expression the feast of the Passover in John 13:1, the expression before the feast of the Passover places us, at the latest, on the evening of the 13th. Having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the endâ (John 13:1). So Greswell and Ellicott, for example; while, among others, Robinson, Wieseler, and Fairbairn defend the opinion which we have expressed. What passed in this supper room, as recorded in this and the four following chapters, has been felt by the Church in every age to be stamped with a heavenly and divine impress, beyond all else even in this most divine Gospel, if one may so speak, and the glory of which no language can express. Evidently it introduces only the account of foot-washing that follows. the εἰς τέλος in the LXX., Joshua 10:20 (even to an entire destruction); 2 Chronicles 12:12; 2 Chronicles 30:1, and a multitude of other examples in the Psalms of Solomon and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs (Hilgenfeld, Einl., p. 243). BibliographyBeza, Theodore. Expository Notes with Practical Observations on the New Testament. This appears from Numbers 33:3 (comp. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/pmc/john-13.html. The means which the wisdom of God permitted, to bring the Lord of life to his ignominous death: and that was the treason and perfidiousness of one of his own disciples, Judeas Iscariot. Note on John 1:11-12.) It was as if God had from heaven itself come down to wash the feet of sinful mortals! 13:1 ProV deV th'" eJorth'" tou' pavsca According to the Evangelist, the events of this discourse including the meal itself take place before the Passover (in spite of J. Jeremias, who tried very hard to prove otherwise). Various senses: creation, redemption, conquest; but here doubtless in the sense employed an hour afterwards. The idea of Messiahship is thus included. Now before the feast of the passover, Jesus knowing that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world to the Father, having loved his own that were in the world, he loved them unto the end. Note on John 2:4; John 7:6; John 11:9.) he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the Who are we that we should ask this question? 1. The meaning, then, we take it, is simply this, that Jesus, when He proceeded to wash His disciples' feet during the Paschal supper, did so not only with great deliberation, but in conformity with purposes and arrangements "before the feast." (1) εἰδὼς … αὐτούς, “Jesus, knowing that the hour had come that He should pass [for the construction ὥρα ἵνα see John 12:23; μεταβῇ emphasises the change in condition implied] out of this world to the Father, having loved His own who were in the world [ τοὺς ἰδίους, a more restricted and more sympathetic class than the οἱ ἴδιοι of John 1:11. But the difficult question of the Day of the Crucifixion is discussed in Appendix A. εἰδώς. The Master knew that longing, and felt the pain of separation; and He, too, yielded to the human impulse which makes the thought of parting the key to unlock the hidden chambers of the most jealously guarded heart, and let the shyest of its emotions come out for once into the daylight. He loved them to the end (Gr. But, placed as it is, at the beginning of this whole section, this chronological indication can refer only to the principal action, the indication of which governs it altogether: ἠγάπησε, he loved. It may also mean to the uttermost, completely. But we cannot imagine this contention to have occurred after the beginning of the supper: such a supposition would be utterly inconsistent with the solemn tone in which Jesus commenced the feast. His love remained steadfast, and was now the ruling motive. International Bible Study Commentary. He did not, as in Luke 7 , act the part of the host. John chapter 13 Bible study & commentary. He does not change; he always loves the same traits of character; nor does he withdraw his love from the soul. The main action is expressed in ἐγείρεται of the fourth verse; but to set his reader in the right point of view for perceiving the significance of this action the Evangelist points out three particulars regarding the mind and feeling of Jesus, and two external circumstances. Before the feast of the passover—That is, before the great Passover festival of seven days, which was introduced by the paschal supper now to be taken. The previous chapters related to Jesus' revelation to the chosen people who rejected him, and with significant overtones of revelation to the entire world. All rights reserved. III. The great day of atonement, notwithstanding its profound importance (Leviticus 16:31), was never termed a feast any more than our Good Friday falls under the Scriptural notion of a feast. And, lastly, my text suggests that love of Christ as being made specially tender by the necessities and the dangers of His friends. [Wetstein quotes from Eurip., Troad., 1051, οὐδεὶς ἐράστης ὅστις οὐκ ἀεὶ φιλεῖ; and from the Anthol., τούτους ἐξ ἀρχῆς μέχρι τέλους ἀγαπῶ, and cf. "Now, before the feast of the Passover, when Jesus knew that His hour was come that He should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved His own which were in the world. xvii. John 13:1-18 New International Version (NIV) Jesus Washes His Disciplesâ Feet 13 It was just before the Passover Festival. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/gsb/john-13.html. The acts of his love to them are expressed both in time past, and to come: "having loved" them; so he did from everlasting, with a love of complacency and delight, which he showed as early by espousing their persons to himself, by undertaking their cause, by taking the charge of their persons, and the care of both their grace and glory, and in time by assuming their nature; and having done all this, "he loved them to the end": and which he showed by dying for them; and continues to show by interceding for them in heaven, by supplying them with all grace, and by preserving them from a final and total falling away; and he will at last introduce them into his kingdom and glory, when they shall be for ever with him; and so that love to them continues not only to the end of his own life, nor barely to the end of theirs, but to the end of the world, and for ever; and so (eiv telov) , signifies, and is rendered "continually", ( Luke 18:5 ) , and in the Septuagint on ( Psalms 9:6 Psalms 9:18 ) ( 44:23 ) answers to (xunl) , which signifies "for ever"; and is so translated here by the Ethiopic version. The intensity of the verbal idea was expressed in like manner by a simple form of the verb which brought the thought before the mind, and then by the special form which denoted the action. John 13:1. de) introducing a new subject. Now. This introduces the remaining part of John's Gospel. ‘Having loved His own, He loved them to the uttermost.’. III. ); Hdt. The word of our Lord, in ver. THE CONTEXT "Now before the feast of the Passover" (13:1). Here John says: "Before the feast of the Passover;" this wider term undoubtedly includes the entire day of the 14th of Nisan on which the leaven was removed from all the Israelite dwellings, and which was already counted for this reason among the days appertaining to the feast. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/whe/john-13.html. ), Pater est Amator, Filius Redemptor, Spiritus Sanctus Consolator; quomodo itaque tristitia affici possim? John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world to the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them to the end, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end, John Lightfoot's Commentary on the Gospels, Robertson's Word Pictures in the New Testament, having loved his own that were in the world, he loved them unto the end, Having loved his own that were in the world, he loved them unto the end, I. John 13:1. feast of the Passover, because the name of the whole feast takes its original from it. In this Gospel, the supper that Jesus shares with his disciples is not the Passover as in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew 26:17-25; Mark 14:12-25; Luke 22:7-13). The passover feast began on the 15th Nisan at sunset, the passover lamb being slain the afternoon of 14th Nisan. It was extremely natural that longer experience of the world should throw Him back for strength on the deep-seated certainty that He was not of this world, but came from above. The statement is the suitable introduction to all that now looms in view. "Before the feast of the Passover, Jesus, knowing that his hour was come, when he should leave this world to go to the Father, after having loved his own who were in the world, he perfectly testified to them all his love.". https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/ebc/john-13.html. To remove from this world to the Father. Now by a law of human spirits all pain smarts more sorely for the recollection of pleasure, and so it is impossible not to feel that for the Son of the Blessed to remember that the Father had given all things into His hands at the very moment when He was called to empty Himself of all things, made the act of grace a more wonderful test of His unfailing love for men. See Matthew 26:2; John 12:1. "The 1599 Geneva Study Bible". Notice the march of this love. So Westcott and Godet. 1905. III. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/egt/john-13.html. 1874-1909. separates what has gone before, the self-revelation of Jesus to the people over a period of two to three years or more, from what follows, His self-revelation to His diciples and His preparation for the establishment of the New Vine (John 15:1-6), the new Israel, which includes His death and resurrection, and takes place within a three day period. I. Others endeavor to make this determination of time refer to the participle εἰδώς, knowing, (Luthardt, 1st ed., Riggenbach), or to ἠγαπήσας, having loved, (Wieseler, Tholuck). Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew, etc. 4 , shows that He assumed the place of others whose business it was to wash the feet, but who had pretermitted it. They believed His Love.—When a man believes in Christ it is the turning-point in his life, in Carlyle’s words he ‘was henceforth a Christian man; believes in God not on Sundays only, but on all days, in all places, and in all cases.’ So that, at any rate, after His Resurrection, they were willing to die for Him. Ephesians 1:4. But we can positively demonstrate that the feet-washing preceded the actual beginning of the supper and of the feast. John means that it was on the evening before the first day of the feast, when He was going to leave His followers, that Jesus manifested all His love for them and in some sort surpassed Himself in the testimonies which He gave them of this feeling. He still stoops in person to feed us with the sacred paschal flesh and to revive our souls by the wine of His consolations. And the like triumphant words were uttered to me by my late reverend good friend and father, Mr John Jackson, pastor of Binton, in Warwickshire, when he lay dying, and laid his last charge upon me, to preach Christ, who had swallowed up death in victory. BibliographyAbbott, John S. C. & Abbott, Jacob. (See the notes at Luke 22:7-13.) .—He knew during the course of His earthly work that His hour was not yet come, and again and again declared this. And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast:" comp. The Father loves me, the Son redeemed me, the Holy Ghost comforts me; how then can I be cast down at the approach of death? Home; Origin; Birth; John; Acts; About; Contact; JOHN 13:1-4 BIBLE STUDY John 13:5-14 Jesus Washes the Disciples' Feet John 13:15-20 A servant is Not greater than his Master John 13:21-30 One of You Will Betray Me John 13:31-38 God is Glorified John 13 Bible Study Questions (Handout) JOHN 13:1 1 Now before the Feast of the Passover, when Jesus ⦠Romans 8:37-39. BibliographyBarnes, Albert. John 1:11. They are to represent Him in the world: and this appeals to Him], He loved them” εἰς τέλος, which is translated “in the highest degree” by Chrys., Euthymius [ σφόδρα], Cyr.-Alex. The verb ἀγαπᾶν, to love, must designate here, as appears from the aorist, not the feeling only, but also its external manifestations (especially those the story of which is to follow). Though His hand bore the stars in a cluster, it was the hand that had been pierced with the nails. But when the great crisis came it only revealed His Heart and displayed His Love. How strange this blending of shrinking and of eagerness, of sorrow and of joy, of human trembling consciousness of impending death, and of triumphant consciousness of the approach of the hour when the Son of Man, even in His bitterest agony and deepest humiliation, should, paradoxically, be glorified, and should ‘leave the world to go unto the Father’! Charles Schribner's Sons. It belongs to the simple syntax of a primitive people to express intensity by repetition. We must not understand "having hitherto loved His own;" for the hitherto, which would form the antithesis to εἰς τέλος, is not in the text; the "in the world" looks back to the "out of the world," and refers to the perilous position in which the disciples would be found after the impending departure of their Lord (comp. But had Jesus unmasked him before such fiery spirits as John and Peter, Judas would never have left that room alive. In respect to the Lord's act, it must be taken for granted that no other washing had preceded. Jesus will come out of suffering in order to approach the throne of God and receive glory and kingship. "Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable". Bible Language English. they are few and they are poor who have had no experience in their lives of human hearts whose love in the past has been such that it manifestly is for ever, yet we cannot with the same absolute confidence say about one another, even about the dearest, ‘Having loved, he loves.’ But we can say so about Christ. Feet-washing, pleasant and customary before a meal, would have been disagreeable and out of place in the course of it. The words as here used refer specially to those who had been called by Him, and had left all and followed Him. Much such a phrase is made use of concerning Moses, of whom it is saidF16Targum in Cant. John 13:1-15 The Word of God Now before the festival of the Passover, Jesus knew that his hour had come to depart from this world and go to the Father. This verse contradicts the Synoptic accounts of the Passover (e.g, Mark 14:12) only if it introduces everything in chapters13-17.
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